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Form 1 Biology cell physiology questions and answers
Distinguish between diffusion and osmosis
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1.
Explain what would happen to red blood cells if they are placed in a concentrated salt solution.
2.
Why is oxygen important in the process of active transport in cells?
3.
(a) What is diffusion? (b) How do the following factors affect the rate of diffusion? (i) Diffusion gradient (ii) Surface area to volume ratio. (iii) Temperature (c) Outline three roles of active transport?
4.
State the importance of osmosis in plants.
5.
An experiment was set up as shown below. The set up was left for 30 minutes. (a) State the expected results (b) Explain your answer in (a) above
6.
Distinguish between diffusion and osmosis
7.
The diagram below show a red blood cells that was subjected to a certain treatment. (a) Account for the shape of the cell at the end of the experiment (b) Draw a diagram to illustrate how a plant cell would appear if subjected to the same treatment.
8.
A freshly obtained dandelion stem measuring 5cm long was split lengthwise to obtain two similar pieces. The pieces were placed in solutions of different concentrations in petri dishes (L1 and L2) for 20 minutes. The appearance after 20 minutes is as shown (a) Account for the appearance of the pieces in solution L1 and L2 (b) State the significance of the biological process involved in the
9.
(a) Distinguish between diffusion and active transport (b) State one role that is played by osmosis in: (i) Plants (ii) Animals
10.
Name the type of movement that occurs within a plant cell
11.
Distinguish between haemolysis and plasmolysis.
12.
The diagram below show an experimental set-up to investigate a certain process in a plant tissue. Explain the results obtained after 30 minutes.
13.
In an investigation a student extracted three pairs of pawpaw cylinders using a cork borer. The cylinders were cut back to 50mm length and placed in a beaker containing a solution. The results after 40 minutes were as shown in the table below. (a) Account for the results in the table above. (b) What would be a suitable control set up for the investigation?
14.
State three factors that affect the rate of diffusion.
15.
(a) What is meant by term Wilting? (b) Explain how an increase in temperature affects the rate of active of transport.
16.
The diagram below represents a cell as seen under an electron microscope. (a) Based on the diagram, state whether it represents an animal cell or plant cell (b) Give two reasons for your answer in (a) above (c) Why is the palisade layer a tissue?
17.
Describe how turgor pressure builds up.
18.
State two ways in which osmosis is significant to plants
19.
The diagram below shows a set up for an experiment to demonstrate a certain physiological process. (a) What nature of solution is represented by 20% sugar solution? (b) Explain the observation made on the set up after one hour.
20.
(a) Explain two roles of diffusion in human beings. (b) What is meant by each of the following terms? (i) Crenated cell (ii) Flaccid cell
21.
The table provided shows the concentration of sodium and iodine in sea water and cell sap of a plant. (a) (i) Name the process through which the plant cell take up sodium ions. (ii) Give a reason for your answer in (a) (i) above. (b) If the plant was sprayed with a chemical that inhibit respiration. (i) Which of the two ions uptake will be affected? (ii) Give a reason for your answer in (b) (i)
22.
Students set up an experiment as illustrated below. (a) Name the physiological process that resulted in the observation made after 30 minutes. (b) State the importance of the physiological process investigated in plants. (c) Explain the observation made after 30 minutes.
23.
The set up below illustrate a certain physiological process. (a) (i) Name the physiological process (ii) Give two examples of the process named in (a) (i) above in plants. (b) State two ways by which the movement of dye molecules in the set up would be slowed down.
24.
Explain the physiological process responsible for keeping young seedlings upright.
25.
The diagram below illustrates the appearance of a plant cell after it had been put in a certain solution. (a) Explain the appearance of the cell at the end of the treatment. (b) Explain the results obtained if a red blood cell is subjected to the same treatment (c) Explain why transfusion with distilled water is not recommended for a dehydrated patient.
26.
In investigating a certain physiological process, students set up the apparatus as shown below and made the observations after 30 minutes as illustrated. (a) Name the physiological process being investigated. (b) Account for the observation made at the end of the experiment. (c) State the likely identity of G.
27.
Explain why significantly increasing the blood PH slows down the rate of selective reabsorption of materials in the kidney tubules.
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