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Effects of sodium carbonate on various salt solutions

Answer Text:
Effects of sodium carbonate on various salt solutions
Procedure
- 3 drops of NaOH(aq) are added to #2cm^3# of 1M solution containing magnesium ions in a test tube
the procedure is repeated with salt solutions containing various metal ions

Explanations:
- Sodium carbonate, potassium and ammonium carbonate are soluble in water; all other metal carbonates are insoluble
- Hence their solutions may be used to precipitate the insoluble metal carbonates.
Ionic equations:
#Ca^(2+)(aq) + CO_3^(2-)(aq) to CaCO_3(s)#
Note:
Iron (III) and Aluminium salts hydrolyse in water giving acidic solutions which react with carbonates to liberate carbon dioxide gas; hence effervescence.