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Form 1 Biology: Nutrition in Animals Questions and Answers
How is the surface area increased in the mammalian small intestines?
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1.
An experiment was carried out to investigate the rate of reaction shown below. Sucrose #rarr# Fructose + Glucose For the products fructose and glucose to be formed, it was found that substances K was to be added and the temperature maintained at 370C. when another substance L was added, the reaction slowed down and eventually stopped.
2.
When is glycogen which is stored in the liver converted into glucose and released into the blood?
3.
Name the disease in humans that is caused by lack of vitamin C
4.
Name a disease caused by lack of each of the following in human diet. Vitamin D , Iodine
5.
(a) What is meant by the term digestion? (b) Describe how the mammalian small intestine is adapted to its function.
6.
State two functions of muscles found in the alimentary canal of mammals
7.
An experiment was carried out to investigate the nutritional value of two dry powder animal feeds X and Y over a period of six months. Twenty 5 month’s old castrated goats were used. The goats were divided into two equal groups A and B. The animals in group A were fed on feed X throughout the experiment while those of group B were fed on feed Y. the feeds were supplemented with dry hay and water.
8.
(a) State the function for co-factors in cell metabolism. (b) Give one example of a metallic co-factor.
9.
What happens to excess fatty acids and glycerol in the body?
10.
State a function of the large intestine in humans.
11.
State the role of vitamin C in humans
12.
(a) Distinguish between the terms homodont and heterodont. (b) What is the function of carnassial teeth?(c) A certain animal has no incisors, no canines, 6 premolars and 6 molars in its upper jaw. In the lower jaw, there are 6 incisors, 2 canines, 6 premolars and 6 molars. Write its dental formula.
13.
(a) State two functions of bile juice in the digestion of food (b) How does substrate concentration affect the rate of enzyme action?
14.
The diagram below represents a section through a human tooth. (a) (i) Name the type of tooth shown. (b) State the functions of the structures found in part labeled J.
15.
(a) Name a fat soluble vitamin manufactured by the human body. (b) State two functions of potassium ions in the human body.
16.
(a) The action of ptyalin stops at the stomach. Explain. (b) State a factor that denatures enzymes. (c) Name the features that increase the surface area of small intestines.
17.
The diagram below shows a human tooth. (a) Identify the tooth (b) How is the tooth adapted to its function (c) State the role of the following vitamins in the human body. (i) C (ii) K
18.
Explain how the carnassial teeth of a dog are adapted to their function.
19.
State the function of iron in the human body.
20.
Explain how the following factors determine the daily energy requirement in human: (a) Age (b) Occupation(c) Sex
21.
The diagram below represents the lower jaw of a mammal. (a) Name the mode of nutrition of the mammal whose jaw is shown. (b) State one structural and one functional difference between the teeth labeled J and L. (c) (i) Name the toothless gap labeled K. (d) Name the substance that is responsible for hardening of teeth.
22.
What is the role of bile salts in digestion in humans?
23.
The following is the dental formula of a certain mammal. (a) State the likely mode of feeding for the mammal. (b) Give a reason for your answer in (a) above.
24.
(a) Write the dental formula of an adult human. (b) Name two dental diseases.
25.
State two functions of carbohydrates in the human body.
26.
(a) Name one salivary gland in humans. (b) State functions of saliva.
27.
Name two nutrients that are absorbed without being digested by enzymes in humans.
28.
State two ways in which the human intestinal villus is adapted to its function.
29.
(a) State two roles of mucus in the stomach (b) Explain how age determines a person’s energy.
30.
(a) Name one appropriate food substance for each of the following enzymes. (i) Ptyalin (ii) Pepsin (b) State the cause and two symptoms of Beri-beri.
31.
Describe the process of carbohydrate digestion in human beings.
32.
(a) How is a human stomach adapted to: (i) Protein digestion? (ii) Churning? (b) What happens to the glucose synthesized during photosynthesis?
33.
Give three factors that determine the amount of energy a human being requires in a day.
34.
During a practical investigation on food tests, students were provided with the following reagents. Benedict’s solution, Sodium hydrogen carbonate, Dilute hydrochloric acid. (a) Identify the food substance the students were to test. (b) State the role of dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydrogen carbonate during the experiment. (i) Dilute hydrochloric acid. (ii) Sodium hydrogen carbonate
35.
Name two enzymes in the human digestive system which are secreted in an inactive form.
36.
How is the surface area increased in the mammalian small intestines?
37.
Which sets of teeth would be used in chewing sugarcane for maximum extraction of sap?
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