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Gaseous Exchange Questions and Answers: Form 2 Biology
How is a guard cell structurally adapted for gaseous exchange?
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1.
Why are gills in fish highly vascularized?
2.
The diagram below represents a section of leaf. (a) Name the parts labeled X and Y. (b) Using arrows indicate on the diagram the direction of flow of water during the transpiration stream. (c) State two ways in which the leaf is suited to gaseous exchange.
3.
Name three sites where gaseous exchange takes place in terrestrial plants
4.
Name two gaseous exchange structures in higher plants.
5.
The diagram below shows gaseous exchange tissues. (a) Name the gas that diffuses: (i) To the body cells. (ii) From the body cells. (b) Which compound dissociates to release the gas named in (a) (i) above. (c) (i) What is tissue fluid? (ii) What is the importance of tissue fluid? (d) Name the blood vessel with the highest concentration of: (i) Glucose. (ii) Carbon (IV) oxide.
6.
The diagram below represents a part of the rib cage. (a) Name the parts labeled W, Y and Z. (b) How does the part labeled Z facilitate breathing in?
7.
Describe how gaseous exchange takes place in terrestrial plants.
8.
State two ways in which floating leaves of aquatic plants are adapted to gaseous exchange.
9.
State four ways in which respiratory surfaces are suited to their function.
10.
(a) Name two structures for gaseous exchange in aquatic plants. (b) What is the effect of contraction of the diaphragm muscles during breathing in mammals.
11.
(a) State four characteristics of gaseous exchange surfaces. (b) Describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in a mammal.
12.
(a) Name the gaseous exchange surface in insects. (b) How is the surface named in (a) above suited to its function?
13.
State three ways in which a respiratory surface is adapted to its function.
14.
Apart from the lungs, name two gaseous exchange surfaces in a frog.
15.
State the difference in content of oxygen and carbon (IV) oxide in the air that enters and leaves the human lungs.
16.
(a) Describe how oxygen in the alveolus reaches the red blood cells. (b) How are the pneumatophores adapted to their function?
17.
The diagram below represents part of the gaseous exchange system in human. (a) Name the parts labeled F and G. (b) State one function of each of the parts labeled H and J.
18.
(a) Describe the process of inhalation. (b) Explain the mechanism of stomatal opening.
19.
How are lenticels adapted for gaseous exchange?
20.
How are respiratory surfaces in mammals adapted to their functions?
21.
The diagram below represents a model used to demonstrate breathing in mammals. (a) Name the mammalian structure represented by the parts labeled D and E. (i) D (ii) E (b) State the observation made when the string is pulled downwards. (c) Explain the observation in (b) above.
22.
The diagram below shows the gaseous exchange system of a locust. (a) Name the structure labeled Q. (b) State the function of the part labeled R. (c) How is the part labeled S structurally adapted to its function?
23.
(a) Describe the mechanism of gaseous exchange in plants through the lenticels. (b) Explain each of the following: (i) The tracheoles lack spiral bands of chitin (ii) The floor of the mouth is lowered during inhalation in a bony fish.
24.
How is a guard cell structurally adapted for gaseous exchange?
25.
Name two structures used for gaseous exchange in plants.
26.
The diagram below illustrates a blood capillary surrounding a structure for gaseous exchange in human beings. (a) Name the gaseous exchange structure (b) Identify the gases labeled Y and Z. (c) How does the gas labeled Y reach the inside of the blood capillary? (d) How does cigarette smoking lead to lung cancer?
27.
(a) Name two structures for gaseous exchange in aquatic plants. (b) What is the effect of contraction of the diaphragm muscles during breathing in mammals?
28.
(a) State the effect of movement of the diaphragm muscles during inhalation in mammals. (b) State two structural adaptations of leaves that maximize efficiency in gaseous exchange.
29.
Name the causative agent for tuberculosis
30.
A group of form two students placed a fresh leaf in warm water. They observed that air bubbles formed on the surface of the leaf. (a) What biological process were they investigating? (b) Name the structures from which the air bubbles were coming from. (c) Explain the distribution of the structures named in (b) above on the leaf surfaces of a land plant.
31.
The diagram below represents an organ in a bony fish. (a) Name the organ. (b) Describe how air in water reach the capillaries inside structure L.
32.
Explain why a bony fish dies shortly after being removed from water.
33.
(a) Name the respiratory structure in the amoeba. (b) Give a reason for your answer in (a) above.
34.
State the role of each of the following in the mammalian respiratory system: (a) Mucus (b) Cartilage rings (c) epiglottis
35.
In an investigation, students set up the apparatus below in the laboratory and made observations after 72 hours. Explain how inclusion of the following components would affect the mouse in the experiment: (i) Light (ii) Sodium hydroxide solution
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