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Form 2 Chemistry Carbon and its compounds topical questions and answers
State and explain the function of tartaric acid in baking powder.
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1.
Write an equation for the reaction that takes place when carbon (II) oxide gas is passed over heated Lead (II) oxide.
2.
The diagram below represents a charcoal burner. Study it and answer the question that follows: Write equations for the reactions taking place at I and I.
3.
When excess carbon (II) oxide gas was passed over heated lead (II) oxide in a combustion tube, lead (II) oxide was reduced. (a) Write an equation for the reaction, which took place. (b) What observation was made in the combustion tube when the reaction was complete? (c) Name other gas which could be used to reduce lead (II) oxide.
4.
The simplified flow chart shows some of the steps in the manufacture of sodium carbonate by Solvay process. (a) Identify substance L (b) Name the process taking place in step II (c) Write an equation for the reaction which takes place in step III.
5.
Study the information in the table below and answer the questions that follow. (The letters do not represent the actual symbols of the elements) Selects an element which: (a) Is likely to be in group II of the periodic table (b) Could be used to make electric cables. (c) Is likely to be graphite.
6.
Explain why it is not advisable to leave jiko with burning charcoal in a closed room where one is sleeping.
7.
State and explain the function of tartaric acid in baking powder.
8.
Explain why burning magnesium continues to burn in a gas jar containing sulphur (IV) oxide while a burning splint is extinguished.
9.
(a) What observation would be made if hydrogen sulphide gas was bubbled through a solution of zinc nitrate? (b) Write an equation for the reaction that takes place in (a) above.
10.
The apparatus shown below was used to investigate the effect of carbon (II) oxide on copper (II) oxide. (a) State the observation that was made in the combustion tube at the end of the experiment. (b) Write an equation for the reaction that took place in the combustion tube. (c) Why is it necessary to burn the gas coming out of tube K?
11.
When steam was passed over heated charcoal as shown in the diagram below, hydrogen and carbon (II) oxide gases were formed. (a) Write an equation for the reaction which took place. (b) Name two uses of carbon (II) oxide gas which are also uses of hydrogen gas.
12.
Carbon (II) oxide gas was passed over heated iron (III) oxide as shown in the diagram below. (a) Give the observation made in tube P. (b) Write the equation for the reaction which takes place in tube P.
13.
In terms of structure and bonding, explain why graphite is used as a lubricant.
14.
The set-up below was used to obtain a sample of iron. Write two equations for the reactions which occur in the combustion tube.
15.
Dry carbon (II) oxide gas reacts with heated lead (II) oxide as shown in the equation below. #Pb(s) +CO(g)to Pb(s)+CO_2(g)# (a) Name the process undergone by lead (II) oxide. (b) Give a reason for your answer in (a) above. (c) Name other gas that can be used to perform the same function as carbon (II) oxide gas in the above reaction.
16.
The diagram below represents part of a set-up used to prepare and collect gas T. (a) Name two reagents that are reacted to produce both carbon (IV) oxide and carbon (II) oxide. (b) Write the equation for the reaction which takes place in the wash bottles. (c) Give a reason why carbon (II) oxide is not easily detected.
17.
The diagram below shows a ‘jiko’ when in use. Study it and answer the questions that follow. (a) Identify the gas formed at region A (b) State and explain the observation made at region B.
18.
The set-up below was used to collect a dry sample of a gas. Give two reasons why the set-up cannot be used to collect carbon (IV) oxide gas.
19.
Study the flow chart below and answer the questions that follow. (a) Give the name of the process that takes place in step I (b) Give ; (i) The name of substance #G_1# (ii) One use of substance #F_1#
20.
Carbon (II) oxide is described as a “silent killer”. (a) State one physical property of carbon (II) oxide that can make it a “silent killer” (b) State and explain one chemical property that makes carbon (II) oxide poisonous to human beings.
21.
Give a reason why calcium hydroxide solution is used to detect the presence of carbon (IV) oxide gas while sodium hydroxide is not
22.
When extinguishing a fire caused by burning kerosene, carbon (IV) oxide is used in preference to water. Explain.
23.
Both diamond and graphite have giant atomic structures. Explain why diamond is hard while graphite is soft.
24.
(a) The set-up below was used to collect gas F, produced by the reaction between water and calcium metal. (i) Name gas F (ii) At the end of the experiment, the solution in the beaker was found to be weak base. Explain why solution was a weak base. (iii) Give one laboratory use of the solution formed in a beaker (b) The scheme below shows some reactions starting calcium oxide. Study it and answer
25.
(a) The diagram below represents part of the structure of a sodium chloride crystal. The position of one of the sodium ions in the crystal is shown as #o+# (i) On the diagram , mark the positions of the other three sodium ions. (ii) The melting and boiling points of sodium chloride are #801^0C# and #1413^0C# respectively. Explain why sodium chloride does not conduct electricity at #25^0C#, but do
26.
Graphite is one of the allotropes of carbon. (a) Name one other element which exhibits allotropy. (b) Explain why graphite is used in the making pencil leads.
27.
(a) Describe how carbon (IV) oxide can be distinguished from carbon II oxide using calcium hydroxide solution. (b) What is the role of carbon (IV) oxide in fire extinguishing?
28.
The set up below was used to collect a dry sample of a gas. Give two reasons why the set up cannot be used to collect carbon (IV) oxide gas.
29.
Charcoal is a fuel that is commonly used for cooking. When it burns it forms two oxides. (a) Name the two oxides (b) State one use of the two oxides.
30.
(a) Explain why it is not advisable to prepare a sample of carbon(IV) oxide using barium carbonate and dilute sulphuric(VI) acid. (b) State a method that can be used to collect dry carbon(IV) oxide gas. Give a reason.
31.
Study the flow chart in Figure 1 and answer the questions that follow. Gas N forms a while suspension with aqueous calcium hydroxide. (a) Name the anion present in the potassium salt. (b) Write an ionic equation for the formation of solid M. (c) Give one use of gas N.
32.
(a) In Kenya, sodium carbonate is extracted from trona at Lake Magadi. (i) Give the formula of trona. (ii) Name the process of extracting sodium carbonate from trona. (b) The flow chart in Figure 5 summarises the steps involved in the production of sodium carbonate. Use it to answer the questions that follow. (i) Name the process illustrated in Figure 5. (ii) Identify the starting raw materials
33.
During laboratory preparation of carbon(IV) oxide gas, dilute hydrochloric acid was added to Substance L in a conical flask. (a) Identify substance L. (b) Write an equation that produces carbon(IV) oxide. (c) State the observations made when the gas produced when bubbled through calcium hydroxide solution for a long time.
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